There are two common ways of dealing with the soil. Table 1 physical properties of black cotton soil property observation colour black liquid limit 60% plastic limit 29% plasticity index 31% shrinkage limit 12. The black cotton mainly contains the clay, which having swelling property in. In this research an approach is made towards the way of improvement in the various geotechnical properties of black cotton soil such as index. Evaluation of engineering properties of black cotton soil. Among the in situ soils of india, the black soils found in the lavacovered areas are the most conspicuous. Though black cotton soil plays a vital role in agriculture but it is posing many difficulties in. There are also some studies indicating use of cement with sand, example ramteke et al. In this study, the influence of curing time on the strength properties of black cotton soil stabilized with combined quarry dust and ckd admixture measured in an unconfined compression test was evaluated.
Regur means cotton best soil for cotton cultivation. If the thickness of the black cotton soil is only up to 120 cm it should be completely removed and foundation laid on the soil below. Mineralogical analysis shows the soils to be predominantly kaolinite and mont morillonite. It is the expansive nature of soil which is challenging and creates problems and not colour. Effects of acids on geotechnical properties of black. Physical properties of the soil can be discussed under the following heads. Plasticity, strength, permeability and compressibility characteristics of black cotton soil stabilized with precipitated silica. Experimental investigation on physical properties of black cotton. Plasticity index is one of the important properties of soil to determine the behavior of soil in presence of water.
Most of these soils are black in colour and are good for growing cotton. Cracking when dry and swelling when wet makes them difficult to manage, unless they are cultivated at appropriate soil moisture levels. The black cotton soil taken for the present study was obtained from harihara, davanagere distict, karnataka. Analysis of strength characteristics of black cotton soil. Comparison of brick made from black cotton soil with various admixture to the normal.
Coir has been widely used as a reinforcement material for soil. A study on engineering behavior of black cotton soil and. The physical properties of black cotton soil bc soil vary from place to place. Pdf stabilization of soils is an effective method for improvement of soil properties and the pavement system performance.
Abstract black cotton soils are predominantly available in india. When these type of soil come in contact with water, they swell and when becomes dry, it shrinks. Besides advantages of black soil, there are some disadvantages or problems of black soil. K katti introduction black cotton soil deposits in india are a boon to farmers but are problematic to civil engineers. Improving properties of black cotton soil with quarry dust manuscript id. A model study on accelerated consolidation of coir. Effects of acids on geotechnical properties of black cotton soil. This video is about my residential site under reamed pile foundation process in black cotton soil. Following conclusions are made on the basis of test results the property of volumetric changes with the change of atmospheric conditions makes black cotton soil dangerous to be founded buildings. This article provides study notes on black cotton soil. According to their size, soil particles are grouped into the following types table 23. Harirang haribhau shinde2 1 research scholar, m2, kasliwal vishwa, ulka nagari, aurangabad 2principal, jawaharlal nehru engineering college aurangabad, maharashtra. Those soils are often referred to as regur but are popularly known as black cotton soils, since cotton has been the most common traditional crop in areas where they are found. Black cotton soils also called regur soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable.
Though black cotton soil plays a vital role in agriculture but it is posing many difficulties in civil engineering aspect. Black cotton soil article about black cotton soil by the. Scope of the work was to study the soil bearing capacity and properties of black cotton soil for civil engineering works. This is because of the mineralogical properties of the clay. Black cotton soils article about black cotton soils by. They are very tenacious of moisture and exceedingly sticky, when wet. Study notes on black cotton soil building engineering. Quality assessment for stabilization of black cotton soil by. Search for solutions to problems in black cotton soils. Improving properties of black cotton soil with quarry dust. In this project an attempt has been made to stabilize the soil using lime. The geology and geotechnical properties of the black cotton soils of northeastern nigeria.
It has low shear strength, high swelling, shrinkage and compressibility characteristics. As costs of waste disposal, transport and materials procurement continue to increase, the use of ground improvement techniques to prepare problematic soils for construction has become much more. Various geotechnical properties of virgin black cotton soil and contaminated black cotton soil contaminated black cotton soil properties of soil virgin black cotton soil c5 c10 c15 specific gravity 2. Introduction the basic principles of soil stabilization include evaluating the properties of given soil and assessing the deficient property due to which the soil is considered weak. This black cotton soils occurs mostly in the central and western parts and covers approximately 20% of the total area of india. Introduction in india, expansive soils are called as black cotton soil.
Jul 15, 2017 black cotton soils also called regur soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. Introduction black cotton soil are found in extensive region of deccan trap in indian. In the third stage unconfined compressive tests were conducted with varying percentages of coir fiber and cement table1. The poorest soil among all is black cotton soil bc soil. Black cotton soils are inorganic clays of medium to high compressibility and form a major soil group in india. Study of geotechnical properties of black cotton soil.
Chavhan india the biggest handicap is to provide a complete abstractstabilization of black cotton soil bc soil is studied. Selfploughing is a characteristic of the black soil as it develops wide cracks when dried. This research study describes the feasibility of using black cotton soil as a raw material with some additional. The basic soil properties including omc optimal moisture. Over the past few decades, stabilization is found to be the best technique for reducing the swelling and shrinkage nature of black cotton soil. Improvement of bearing capacity of black cotton soil using. The effect of lime stabilization on properties of black cotton soil nadgouda, k. These soils expand and become sticky during rainy season and contract during the dry season causing deep cracks into the soil.
In dry state, the black cotton soil is very hard but loses it strength parameters. Typical behavior of these soils under different climatic conditions has made the construction and maintenance of the roads not only expensive, but also difficult. Index terms soil stabilization, fly ash, lime, black cotton soil, pavement. The black color in black cotton soil bc soil is due to the presence of titanium oxide in small concentration. At the liquid limit, the volume change is of the order of 200 to 300% and results in swelling pressure as high as 8 kgcm 2 to 10 kgcm 2. Overnight, a heavy storm had wiped out a large area of a farmers wheat crop and fence line leaving gullies several meters deep. The laterite and shedi soil fractions were then intermixed 5 times using the technique of quartering. What are the difference between clay and black cotton soil. Foundations in black cotton soils the construction civil. Jul, 2017 black soils are highly argillaceous, very fine grained and dark, and contain a high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates. Various researchers had tried stabilizing black cotton soil using lime, cement, fly ash, rich husk ash, etc. Plasticity, strength, permeability and compressibility characteristics. It should be emphasized that the properties of soil lime mixtures are dependent on many variables. Physical and chemical properties of soil biology discussion.
Study on california bearing ratio of black cotton soil use waste copper slag tushal baraskar1 and s k ahirwar2 black cotton soil is one of the major regional soil deposits in india, covering an area of about 3. Effect of curing time on strength development in black cotton. A task was therefore undertaken to investigate and improve the engineering properties of the black cotton soils of hubballidharwad municipal corporation area so that, a better. Pdf effect of fly ash on properties of black cotton soil devansh. Problems of black soil disadvantages of black soil. Effects of rice husk ash and fly ash on index properties of black cotton soil madhusudan ramchandra vaidya1, dr. Stabilisation of black cotton soils using fly ash, hubballi. Black cotton soil sample which is used for the study is taken from an area called bhimavaram which is located in east godavari district of andhra pradesh state in india. Black cotton soil is found in many states of india and is found to be problematic soil for construction. Alternative soils or aggregates suitable for base construction are very difficult to obtain in these localities.
Practical problems of highway construction in black cotton. Effect of common salt nacl on index properties of black. The physical and chemical properties of coir sample are. The maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of black cotton soil is 14. Building on black cotton soil is a tricky affair, admits mr daniel mburu, the ceo of fingerprint capital, a building and construction firm that specialises in putting up budget homes for. Black soils are highly argillaceous, very fine grained and dark, and contain a high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates.
Materials and methods black cotton soil was collected from gulbarga, in karnataka state. Analysis of engineering properties of black cotton soil. Pdf geotechnical investigation of black cotton soils. Two strategies proposed for achieving stability of buildings and road construction on black cotton soils of adamawa state. Mineral fraction of soil consists of particles of various sizes.
Trick to building on black cotton soil daily nation. A cement lime mixture has been commonly applied for improving black cotton soils. A study on engineering behavior of black cotton soil and its. Black cotton definition is a soil formed in the deccan region of india by the disintegration of a black lava. Engineering properties of black cotton soil modified with fly. It has characteristics of swelling during rains and shrinking during summer. Experimental work has been carried out with 4 % and 6 % of lime. However, not all soils exhibit improved strength characteristics.
Density, lime, black cotton soil, stabilization, california bearing ratiocbr. Pdf black cotton soil modification by the application of waste. A model study on accelerated consolidation of coir reinforced. Jan 09, 2016 black cotton soil, a cohesive soil, is considered a problematic soil for civil engineers. Stabilization of maiduguri black cotton soils of nigeria with. Effect of textile effluent on geotechnical properties of black cotton soil 311 hence, the stability of a soil mass is increased due to textile effluent contamination. Comparison of brick made from black cotton soil with various. Please note all black cotton soil is not expansive and all expansive soil is not black.
Black cotton soil, a cohesive soil, is considered a problematic soil for civil engineers. It also decides the appropriate method of supplementing the deficient. Of the various factors that affect the swelling behaviour of these soils, the basic mineralogical composition is very important. Conclusions 100% of textile effluent is found to be effective in reducing plasticity as well as swelling characteristics. Stabilization of soils is an effective method for improvement of soil properties and the pavement system performance. This is an expansive soil with a liquid limit of 80. Stabilisation of black cotton soil using admixtures pankaj r. Comparison of brick made from black cotton soil with. Chavhan india the biggest handicap is to provide a complete abstractstabilization of black cotton soil bc soil is studied by using lime and fly ash. The lake chad basin is an extensive quaternary lacustrine deposit of black clay soils. The properties of black cotton soil can be modified by stabilizing the soil can be modified by stabilizing the soil with the use of additives or by mechanical means. Prediction of strength development in black cotton soil.
The quarry dust sample which is used in improving the black cotton soil characteristics is taken from tekkali srikakulam. Table 1 shows the geotechnical properties of this soil. Swells and will become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. The foundation in black cotton soilexpansive soil mystery. Analysis of strength characteristics of black cotton soil using bagasse ash and additives as stabilizer kiran r. Search for solutions to problems in black cotton soils by r.
Study of black cotton soil characteristics with cement waste dust. Black cotton soils are highly expansive clay with high potential for shrinkage or. Black cotton definition of black cotton by merriamwebster. Dec 12, 2006 i was faced with the problems of managing black cotton soils in the early 50s in australia while working with the soil conservation service. Stabilization of black cotton soil for pavement using fly ash.
Black cotton soil when comes in contact with water it either swells or. Black cotton soils for the study were derived from indrasagar rockfill dam, polavaram, andhra pradesh india from a depth of 1m, 1. Stabilisation of black cotton soils, fly ash, hubballidharwad municipal corporation, karnataka, india. The black cotton soil bc soil has a high percentage of clay, which is predominantly montmorillonite in structure and black or blackish grey in color. The geology and geotechnical properties of the black. Engineering properties of black cotton soil biology essay abstract in this paper, the basic geotechnical and physical properties of black cotton soil sample collected from anantapur andhra pradesh was investigated. Building a foundation in black cotton soil is a risk and to avoid the risk, read here which will reveal the mystery of. Expansive soil under study was collected dried and pulverized into the required sizes and tested for properties like gradation,compaction, strength as per is2720 and the results are shown in table1 and fig1 table. They are characterized by high shrinkage and swelling properties. Chanuhan rajiv and et al 2009 has studies the strength improvement of soil treated with lime and flyash mix for durability criteria. This alternate process of swelling and shrinking results in the differential settlement of foundation which in turn causes cracks in building.
The properties of black cotton soil include liquid limit ranging from 3045, plasticity index from 2025 percent, the activity ratio ranges from 1. Black cotton soil black cotton soil has a tendency to shrink and swell excessively. Expansive soils, popularly known as black cotton soils in india are, amongst the most problematic soils from civil engineering construction point of view. They are of variable thickness, underlain by black sticky material known as black soil. Research paper study on california bearing ratio of black. Laboratory investigations show that this soil consists of abundant proportions of montmorillonite and generally poses a major problem for civil engineering construction due to high volume changes. Black cotton soils article about black cotton soils by the. Pdf study of black cotton soil characteristics with cement waste. Pdf analysis of engineering properties of black cotton. Augmenting the properties of black cotton soil using additives. Soil bearing capacity and case study of black cotton soil.
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